Page 4-The Journal Opinion-January 27, 1982
i m Lnl I
RTHEAST PUBLISHING COMPANY. Inc.
Publisher of
Journal i Opinion
Welb pdllbllod iao O,rodlm, Wn'iea0o. dldtot mg*o • Vonmom Now Sampsllm • St.OO
Imr yeer; $6.H let sta mN4ks; nt of • $1I.H pe¢ rmtd $7.00 f sit mNtlos; JkNdeq cithen
discemn SLOt.
Secemd ¢hst polt st Bradford, Vermeat o$e|3. Publidmd by Nerflmt Publisbiq Cemlmm¥. Inc.,
P.0. III 371, |mdtd.
Robert F. Humlnski
President & Publisher
Bradford /
WoodsviUe
802-222,528 i 603-747-201fl
%F p
An Independent Newspaper
,, n lu ----
I00Editoriai
The Town News
correspondent
Town News columns from local names of their relatives and old
correspondents have been part of the friends and also gain a glimpse of
Journal Opinion since it began what is happening back in the com-
publication and similar columns have munities which many dearly miss.
appeared in earlier incarnations of For those in the area, the columns
our newspaper for decades before sometimes can tell us important news
that. about those we care about. For
It is probably safe to say that the example: "Mr .... has returned from
columns have never contained what Mary Hitchcock Hospital and is
could be termed as earth-shattering recuperating from his surgery." or,
news and most of the columns leave "Over 30 gathered at the home of...
out reports on the weekly mechanics for their golden anniversary."
of their local governments. This And for those who are unfamiliar
service we believe we provide on our with the names of those who are
front page and throughout the rest of covered in the Town News or with
the paper, many of the towns represented in the
But behind the Town News' un- columns, the Town News offers an
pretensions presence at the center or insight into the lives and traditions in
heart of each weekly issue is a strong our area that would he hard to find
value that has kept many readers anywhere else.
following the columns for years and a Babies continue to arrive to new
dedication from a matured and parents. New families continue to
discerning group or correspondents arrive to local communities and old
with roots deeply embedded in their families continue to leave. A great
local communities, part of this has been chraniclnd in the
It is these "roots" that make the past and most likely will continue to
columns so important. Our readers he chronicled in ,the future in the
who have moved away from the area Town News section of the Journal
can read the columns and hear the Opinion.
00i00ii!i
J
Church lis6ng appreciated Chan00e state ......
.... 00Letters to the Editor
To the Editor:
I am writing you for two
reasons. The first is to thank
you for having a listing of all
the local churches and their
times of worship and other
weekly events. It is truly
rewarding to see your sense of
community service shown in
this way. I truly appreciate it.
The second reason I am
writing is to let you know that
we have recently changed the
day of our weekly Pot luck and
Vespers to Thursdays -- the
time remains the same. I
wonder too if you might in-
clude that choir rehearsal is at
7:30 p.m. on Thursdays.
Thank you.
Rev. Richard A. White
E. Corinth
Soldier of the 00'ear
To the Editor:
As Executive Councilor for
District One, it is a distinct
pleasure for me to write this
letter of commendation to
Ronald Boutin on becoming
the Soldier of the Year for the
New Hampshire Army
National Buard for the
Woodsville Unit.
It is an honor and a credit to
Boutin, his family, the Guard
and the Town of Benton.
With best wishes to him on
behalf of the State of New
Hampshire, I am.
Raymond S. Burton
Executive Councilor
A better way
To the Editor: Yankees and the Red Sox; she
The Haverhill Police report
in the Journal Opinion
reminds me of the story of the
fellow who went to a night ball
game; he didn't get home until
the "wee" hours of the
morning, his wife wanted to
asked for the score, he said 3
to 2, she asked who won, he
said '3'.
The police report makes
about as much sense, they tell
you everything except who
committed the crime.
/nst/mt/ons
To the Editor:
I believe things are getting a
bit out of hand in our
Legislature when proposals
are made to increase the sales
tax and give the proceeds of
that increase to education and
when a half-million dollars of
our tax money is offered as a
gift to the state universities.
There is much ado in the
state of Vermont about taxes,
on the state and local levels•
With the present represen-
tation we have in Congress,
there is not much, if any, hope
of said representation doing
anything for us to have our
federal taxes cut, so our ef-
forts must necessarily be
toward the state and local
levels in order to get any relief
from the tremendous burden
the majority of us taxpayers
are saddled with.
It is with that thought in"
mind that I urge Vermonters
to petition their state
legislators by phone or letter
to do their best to see what can
he done to change all of the
state educational institutions
EXECUTIVE
Rawnond S. Burton, (R.NJI.)
Robert Laney of Lebanon was confirmed
to public member slot on the Board of
Optometry and Russell Dumais of Gilford
was confirmed to the New Hampshire
Water Supply and Pollution Control
Commission to represent recreational
interests at the Jan. 20 meeting of the
Governor and Council. Ruth Wellington of
Pike was nominated to the Status of
Women Commission.
Twenty-two social service organizations
in District One by vote of the Governor and
Council were authorized to receive from
the state local matching funds. A $3,994,412
contract was authorized for about two
miles of interstate highway between
Littleton and Waterford, Vt. as part of the
Interstate 93 project. Kimball Castle in
Gilford received funds to develop a plan
for restoration and rehabilitation. Our
s(ate-owned railroad between Concord and
Lincoln will continue to be operated by N.
Stratford Railroad Company through June
30. I hope by then we will know exactly how
much money is available and perhaps
arrangements can be made to put a
salesman on the road to sell the services of
the state-owned railroad to potential users
and also to develop a business plan to
eventually make the line self-sufficient.
Community Action programs in
Carroll and Grafton Counties,
and Beiknap Counties all
creases in federal funds all,
further assist people in need of
money.
A contract was awarded by
and Council for 7,002 square feet of
space in the Town of Littleton for
Division of Welfare• This moves all
or two people from the Welfare
Woodsville to Littleton.
A Federal Historic
Grant in Aid for the New Ham
Museum, Inc. in Milton,
for safety improvements and an
security system.
The Council also accepted the
Annual Report of the New Hat
Municipal Bond Bank. Anyone
obtain a copy of this report, please
write me: Ray Burton RFD No.
Woodsville, N.H. 0,3785 {Tel.
271-3632).
The next meeting of the Governor
Council is February 3, 10 a.m.
House. I would be pleased and
see anyone from my district in at
It is an honor to represent you!
/! .,
know why he was so late; he "There must he a better into private institutions. A lot / A.,,:.: , . -'" /,/"
said the game went extra way!" of peopleareconvinced there . .a,>
innings. She further asked J.tlarveyWalker are too many state univer- o ./- 4-
who played?, he said the Woodsville, N.ll. sities for the population size of ,J3':]oL_..
oo00s00a00o, ao00a
believe that even one is one too
UCP te/ethon a many, when you consider they [f ",-,. ""/" '"
Tothe Editor: volunteers stayed at their jobs are in competition to well- ]L'.
The Board of Directors, and worked right to the end managed private institutions.
members and staff of United with good humor and en- It seems that the state of ' ...... ],,
.rbral Palsy of Vermont thusiasm. Vermont is very ripe for a !
x ld like to ,t/lnk everyone But, of course, our heartiest Proposition 13 or a Proposition Pap k " "WellsR"
( made the Weekend With thanks go to the wonderful 2 z, such as that put in force in eontinu
e Stars Telethon" the grand people of Vermont who sup- our neighboring state of erma l l, rant
c;ess it was. The response port UCP of Vermont with Massachusetts.The taxpayers . |h irowz
fhe Telethon proves once their Telethon pledged. They bavehadit, right up to here! The first paper mill in ,sheet ata time by the English Growing,pm.,o - ,
lain that Vermonters make are the heart of the Telethon; Frank L. Cutler Wells River was built in 1810 method, by floating the fibers Ira White s owl .
e tt neighbors, an[ they make it possible for Bridport, Vermont by Bill Blake of Bellows Falls, onto a screen (in contrast to enterprises prosoeredUcmg II
the pioneer papermaker of the the Chinese method in which grew, and b Aril of r aye
A special thanks goes out to UCP to continue working to . • Y - es, 3,"
regmn, who bmlt and operated the fibers were rolled out like had built a new stone bd i .
tndredsthe state°f volunteerSwho are theall palsy.aSsist people with cerebral • Sound a total of s,x" paper mills." At dough to the desired for a papermill, _,,e om[e'ng tc
the Wells River mill, Andrew thickness). His papermaking downriver from the Os,,, ,
ne and muscle of the Again, thanks! Henderson was his partner for process s described in Wells also a covered flume ,m ". .
mn effort. Despite bitter William N. Aswad investment " om.
several years. One of their History of Newbury: from his millpond to tn ....
and long hours, our President To the Editor: apprentices was Asa Low, who "The rags were sorted mill. However, these i" :Y
Created since World War II -- a [(
later built his own paper mill and cut up by female help and stretched his re so"din, ,,
, f'u/ tO / by Republican and in Bradford. (Newbury deeds: then ground into paper pulp, beyond the hreaking. ,v
Democratic Congressional Book 7 pages 5, 6, and 355; the white ones for writing and and eventually he lost foSr o
Ph.D., also by Dr. Gofman, leaders, federal financial aid book 8 -- pages 24) colored ones for wrapping through foreclosed _
a comprehensive in- programs for college- Blake&Henderson leased paper. In some of the wrap- gages. (Deeds: 13-2831u'c1 a
Cerebral
would like to thank everyone
who made the "Weekend With thanks go to the wonderful 2., such as that put in force in
the Stars Telethon" the grand people of Vermont who sup. our
success it was. The response port UCP of Vermont with
to the Telethon proves once their Telethon pledged. They have had it, right up to here!
again that Vermonters make are the heart of the Telethon:
great neighbors.
the hundreds of volunteers all assist
over the state who are the palsy.
backbone and muscle of the
Telethon effort. Despite bitter
cold
To the Editor:
Christmas is over, but an for
essential gift to our children, a vestigation of evidence, university students are one of the mill in 1815 to Ira White,
healthful place to live, is in "Radiation and Human the soundest investments in who bought it in 1823 in par-
jeopardy. A multimillion Health" 1981. For corn- the future of this country. But tnership with Samuel Reed.
dollar public relations plan to parative advantages and current and future un- They manufactured writing
justify the President's disadvantages of all our
promotion of nuclear energy sources of energy I recom-
has been proposed, mend: "Energy Strategies
Rep. Richard Ottinger has Toward a Solar Future", a
called it "a blatant Report of the Union of Con-
nda campaign. It eetmed Scientists, 190 and
outlines methods for reaching "Energy Future". a report of
practically every adult in the the Energy Project at Har-
country. Under the pretense of yard Business School, 1979.
giving the public needed in- The path to comfort and an
formation, it would use our abundant life is not hy way of
taxes to make us believe that a nuclear economy with
nuclear power is sufficiently t-adioaetive wastes puffed into
benign and the solution to our the air, leaked into streams,
transported over our roads
and blown off of dump. piles to
be deposited who knows where
or at what cost.
Be prepared for a
multimillion dollar nuclear-
promotion blitz, or, better yet,
prevent it.
Gladys Ledge
energy problems.
For sound information on
the health effects of nuclear
energy I recommend: for
brevity "Nuclear Madness"
by Dr. Helen Caldicott; for a
touch of humor, "Irrevy",
"An Irreverent Illustrated
View of Nuclear Power" hy
ping paper, straw was mixed 14-122, 123, 124)
Taxes. taxes, taxes
Tax questions will pervade the
deliberations of the 1982 Vermont
Legislature• Massive cuts in federal
funding for social service programs,
couplewith the I0 percent federal income
tax cut, scheduled for July I, significantly
alter the revenue picture for Fiscal Year
1983•
Vermont's income tax is piggy-backed to
the federal liability at the rate of 23 per-
cent. Ctmsequently, the income tax pass-
through would lower Vermont taxes by
$7.2 million. The Governor wants to in-
crease the state rate in order to retain the
current level of revenue.
He has proposed a $311.8million General
Fund budget for FY83. This represents a
12.4 percent increase from the current
base of $377A million. The budget is
predicted on plugging the pass-through.
The $7.2 million plug consists of $3
million for the Property Tax Relief Fund
and $4.2 million for State Aid to Education.
This incremental approach would add 10
percent to state aid for each of the next
five years, while phasing out the "tilting
floor" that guarantees some state aid to
every Vermont town.
The Education and Ways and Means
Committees proposed $10 milfion for
property tax relief and $8 million for state
aid. Added to a $42 million base, this would
provide a sizeable windfall to most Ver-
mont communities. The sales tax would be
raised two cents -- from 3 cents to 5 cents
in order to finance the measure.
The Governor was opposed to the
proposal. He stated his opposition to
raising any of Vermont's. broad-based
General Fund taxes. He said we should
save them for future years when the
state's needs might be greater. Besides,
the sales tax is considered regressive
i.e., it penalizes those on the lower end of
the income scale more than it hurts those
who make plenty of money.
Thus, the battle was joined. The Speaker
and the Republican leadership worked for
the plan, while the Governor, head of the
party, worked against it. The Democratic
leadership was split, but many of the rank
and file were concerned about social
service cutbacks, and questioned the
fairness of a dedicated tax. There were
members in both parties who thought any
tax increases should be distributed to a
variety of programs based on priority
needs.
And then the border towns entered the
fray. Realizing that a sales tax increase
would spell disaster for retailers along the
Connecticut, we quietly amassed artillery
to help defeat the measure. But 50 pieces
was all we could solidly muster.
Salvos were lofted in a six-hour debate
designed to persuade the uncommitted.
Then, after a few brilliant flashes and a lot
of din and thunder, the black smoke
cleaned. The bill was lead: 77-70!
The aftermath will strongly influence
the rest of the session. The defeated
General who chairs Ways and Means has
stated his opposition to plugging the pass-
through of $7•2 million. Since Governor
Snelling opposed the sales tax, Chairman
Guiliani says the proposal to increase the
Vermont income tax rate is at "the bottom
of the heap". Also, Chairman Morse of the
Education Committee doesn't plan to
consider state aid anymore this year.
Therefore, the FY1983 budget proposal
will have to he reduced from $311.8 to
$304.6 million.
Several other tax questions will also be
up for consideration. Most prominent are a
Roams and Meals Tax, a Diesel Tax, and a
Cigarette Tax. Rooms and Meals is now at
5 percent. Expect a proposal to raise it to 6
percent with the revenue dedicated to
property tax relief.
A Diesel Fuel Tax of 16 percent has
already been approved by the Tran-
sportation Committee and sent to Ways
and Means. It is designed to replace the
truck entry-fee system• However, it would
raise $4 million less than the trip fees.
A Cigarette Tax hike of five cents --to t7
cents per pack -- would finance a transfer
of $4 million in non-highway services to the
General Fund. It has not yet been ear-
marked for this purpose. However, it is
sponsored by Transportation Chairman
Zampieri.
He and most of the other hankers of this
measure were among those who helped
defeat the Sales Tax which would mve
.financed the Giuiiani-Morse state aid
proposal.
Chairman Giuliani says the Cigarette
Tax is at the end oftheliSt . Id thisabove
or below "the bottom of the heap"? Only
Peter knows for sure !
If you have any legislative concerns or if
you need assistance with state or federal.
programs, please let me knew. Telephone,
toll free, 1-800-322-5616. Address: State
House, Montpelier: or Bradford, Vermont.
John W. Gofman, M.D.,
Dorset, Vt. (please turn to page 5)
with the rags.
"After the rags were
beaten into pulp in two great
beaters, the pulp was put onto
a wire sieve the size of the
sheet of paper, and shaken to
even it on the sieve, when it
dergraduate and graduate and wrapping paper. White
students and their parentswill bought out Reed's share in
be deeply hurt if cuts and 1830 and greatly expanded the
restrictions are made in business The paper mill also
federal grants and federally had a "
insured bank loans now with" ii
available. (Deeds: 7-375; 8-231; 9-104; 10-
In great jeopardy at the 177)
present time are Pell Grants In the early days, paper
(given to the most needy was made from rags, and Ira
students), Supplemental White sent peddlers
Equal Opportunity Grants. throughout northern New time,
College Work Study, National Hampshire and Vermont press and the paper removed
Direct Student Loans (for the trading tin dippers, pails, from the felting and dried in a
most needy), and low-interest brooms etc. for cotton and room in the second story of the
Guaranteed Bank Loans for linen rags -- also for sheep mill, having sliding pieces of
low and middle-income pelts and calf skins for making boards, so that the air had free
students, leather to bind books, as Mr. access to dry the paper.
If students of New England White was also a book
lose the support provided by publisher and the first printer
these federalprograms, many and book binder in Wells
of them will have to give up River•
their goal of higher education For his book business he
#
erected in 1833 the building on
the west side of Main Street
which for many years was
operated as a jewelry store by
Jesse Sheldon and is now
occupied by Burnham's Shoe
Store. Mr. White used the
storefront as his showroom or
sales room and the remainder
of the building as his printing
office and book-bindery.
One of his best-known
books was Noah Webster's
Spelling Book, for which he
manufactured the paper,
printed the pages and bound
them into a book. He also
printed an edition of the New
Testament.
Early methods of
papermaking
Ira White made paper a
were
alternately till the pile was of
the proper size, when the mass
was put into a large press,
capable of taking great
pressure, and after tlm proper
was taken from the
"After the paper was
sufficiently dried it was
finished by having first all the
lumps picked out of the paper,
and it was calendered (passed
through rollers) so as to make
it smooth and fit to write on."
Wells wrote that the dryer
was a unique contrivance with
a fire inside it, and the sheets
of paper were hung on wooden
rods constructed on a swivel in
such a way that no part of the
paper was touched in the
drying process. The paper
produced by this process was
coarse and fibrous and was
called "foolscap."
According to an article by
Charles W. Hughes in Ver-
mont History News, Sept.-Oct.
1981, the earliest patent
dealing with paper
manufacture, dated Feb. 27,
1827, was issued to Ira White
and Leonard Gale for "a
glazing rdll or plate to render
'the surface smooth without
injuring its strength and to
improve it in durability and
firmness." Mr. Gale, too,
manufactured writing paper,
along with other things, in
what later was the Sherwin &
Son building.
Wells River in
manuscript by Nelson
in the Wells River
explains what ha
June 1847 Chancellor
Hall decreed the
Timothy Shedd and
Shedd and
Hale and they in
Henry K. White, the soo!
and he mortgaged
brother Darius tried
and finally
Hale and his niece
Shedd Scott were
take title to the mill
I expect Henry
a time, but in April
Durant came from
Massachusetts and
mill, and in 1855
Adams became half
(Deeds: 15-469; 17-190)
We don't know
became of Ira White's
building, as it does not
as part of the present J
mill buildings-
sone was used in the
dation of a later
White himself may
outlived his buildings,
lived to be 98 years
months of age..
The first
For a while,
Adams used the old eq
and produced rag
paper, but in 1857
enlarged and
mill buildings.
photographs showed the
smokestack with the
painted on it, indicating
was probably built
year.
Durant & Adams
replaced the old,
papermaking
a cylinder machine
from England,
manufactured a
roll of paper
separate sheets. They
installed a cylinder
which the paper passedl
over a big metal drum'
fire inside ¢a wood fire
early years,
coal). This
used until 1923.
(please turn to
An artist concept
Page 4-The Journal Opinion-January 27, 1982
i m Lnl I
RTHEAST PUBLISHING COMPANY. Inc.
Publisher of
Journal i Opinion
Welb pdllbllod iao O,rodlm, Wn'iea0o. dldtot mg*o • Vonmom Now Sampsllm • St.OO
Imr yeer; $6.H let sta mN4ks; nt of • $1I.H pe¢ rmtd $7.00 f sit mNtlos; JkNdeq cithen
discemn SLOt.
Secemd ¢hst polt st Bradford, Vermeat o$e|3. Publidmd by Nerflmt Publisbiq Cemlmm¥. Inc.,
P.0. III 371, |mdtd.
Robert F. Humlnski
President & Publisher
Bradford /
WoodsviUe
802-222,528 i 603-747-201fl
%F p
An Independent Newspaper
,, n lu ----
I00Editoriai
The Town News
correspondent
Town News columns from local names of their relatives and old
correspondents have been part of the friends and also gain a glimpse of
Journal Opinion since it began what is happening back in the com-
publication and similar columns have munities which many dearly miss.
appeared in earlier incarnations of For those in the area, the columns
our newspaper for decades before sometimes can tell us important news
that. about those we care about. For
It is probably safe to say that the example: "Mr .... has returned from
columns have never contained what Mary Hitchcock Hospital and is
could be termed as earth-shattering recuperating from his surgery." or,
news and most of the columns leave "Over 30 gathered at the home of...
out reports on the weekly mechanics for their golden anniversary."
of their local governments. This And for those who are unfamiliar
service we believe we provide on our with the names of those who are
front page and throughout the rest of covered in the Town News or with
the paper, many of the towns represented in the
But behind the Town News' un- columns, the Town News offers an
pretensions presence at the center or insight into the lives and traditions in
heart of each weekly issue is a strong our area that would he hard to find
value that has kept many readers anywhere else.
following the columns for years and a Babies continue to arrive to new
dedication from a matured and parents. New families continue to
discerning group or correspondents arrive to local communities and old
with roots deeply embedded in their families continue to leave. A great
local communities, part of this has been chraniclnd in the
It is these "roots" that make the past and most likely will continue to
columns so important. Our readers he chronicled in ,the future in the
who have moved away from the area Town News section of the Journal
can read the columns and hear the Opinion.
00i00ii!i
J
Church lis6ng appreciated Chan00e state ......
.... 00Letters to the Editor
To the Editor:
I am writing you for two
reasons. The first is to thank
you for having a listing of all
the local churches and their
times of worship and other
weekly events. It is truly
rewarding to see your sense of
community service shown in
this way. I truly appreciate it.
The second reason I am
writing is to let you know that
we have recently changed the
day of our weekly Pot luck and
Vespers to Thursdays -- the
time remains the same. I
wonder too if you might in-
clude that choir rehearsal is at
7:30 p.m. on Thursdays.
Thank you.
Rev. Richard A. White
E. Corinth
Soldier of the 00'ear
To the Editor:
As Executive Councilor for
District One, it is a distinct
pleasure for me to write this
letter of commendation to
Ronald Boutin on becoming
the Soldier of the Year for the
New Hampshire Army
National Buard for the
Woodsville Unit.
It is an honor and a credit to
Boutin, his family, the Guard
and the Town of Benton.
With best wishes to him on
behalf of the State of New
Hampshire, I am.
Raymond S. Burton
Executive Councilor
A better way
To the Editor: Yankees and the Red Sox; she
The Haverhill Police report
in the Journal Opinion
reminds me of the story of the
fellow who went to a night ball
game; he didn't get home until
the "wee" hours of the
morning, his wife wanted to
asked for the score, he said 3
to 2, she asked who won, he
said '3'.
The police report makes
about as much sense, they tell
you everything except who
committed the crime.
/nst/mt/ons
To the Editor:
I believe things are getting a
bit out of hand in our
Legislature when proposals
are made to increase the sales
tax and give the proceeds of
that increase to education and
when a half-million dollars of
our tax money is offered as a
gift to the state universities.
There is much ado in the
state of Vermont about taxes,
on the state and local levels•
With the present represen-
tation we have in Congress,
there is not much, if any, hope
of said representation doing
anything for us to have our
federal taxes cut, so our ef-
forts must necessarily be
toward the state and local
levels in order to get any relief
from the tremendous burden
the majority of us taxpayers
are saddled with.
It is with that thought in"
mind that I urge Vermonters
to petition their state
legislators by phone or letter
to do their best to see what can
he done to change all of the
state educational institutions
EXECUTIVE
Rawnond S. Burton, (R.NJI.)
Robert Laney of Lebanon was confirmed
to public member slot on the Board of
Optometry and Russell Dumais of Gilford
was confirmed to the New Hampshire
Water Supply and Pollution Control
Commission to represent recreational
interests at the Jan. 20 meeting of the
Governor and Council. Ruth Wellington of
Pike was nominated to the Status of
Women Commission.
Twenty-two social service organizations
in District One by vote of the Governor and
Council were authorized to receive from
the state local matching funds. A $3,994,412
contract was authorized for about two
miles of interstate highway between
Littleton and Waterford, Vt. as part of the
Interstate 93 project. Kimball Castle in
Gilford received funds to develop a plan
for restoration and rehabilitation. Our
s(ate-owned railroad between Concord and
Lincoln will continue to be operated by N.
Stratford Railroad Company through June
30. I hope by then we will know exactly how
much money is available and perhaps
arrangements can be made to put a
salesman on the road to sell the services of
the state-owned railroad to potential users
and also to develop a business plan to
eventually make the line self-sufficient.
Community Action programs in
Carroll and Grafton Counties,
and Beiknap Counties all
creases in federal funds all,
further assist people in need of
money.
A contract was awarded by
and Council for 7,002 square feet of
space in the Town of Littleton for
Division of Welfare• This moves all
or two people from the Welfare
Woodsville to Littleton.
A Federal Historic
Grant in Aid for the New Ham
Museum, Inc. in Milton,
for safety improvements and an
security system.
The Council also accepted the
Annual Report of the New Hat
Municipal Bond Bank. Anyone
obtain a copy of this report, please
write me: Ray Burton RFD No.
Woodsville, N.H. 0,3785 {Tel.
271-3632).
The next meeting of the Governor
Council is February 3, 10 a.m.
House. I would be pleased and
see anyone from my district in at
It is an honor to represent you!
/! .,
know why he was so late; he "There must he a better into private institutions. A lot / A.,,:.: , . -'" /,/"
said the game went extra way!" of peopleareconvinced there . .a,>
innings. She further asked J.tlarveyWalker are too many state univer- o ./- 4-
who played?, he said the Woodsville, N.ll. sities for the population size of ,J3':]oL_..
oo00s00a00o, ao00a
believe that even one is one too
UCP te/ethon a many, when you consider they [f ",-,. ""/" '"
Tothe Editor: volunteers stayed at their jobs are in competition to well- ]L'.
The Board of Directors, and worked right to the end managed private institutions.
members and staff of United with good humor and en- It seems that the state of ' ...... ],,
.rbral Palsy of Vermont thusiasm. Vermont is very ripe for a !
x ld like to ,t/lnk everyone But, of course, our heartiest Proposition 13 or a Proposition Pap k " "WellsR"
( made the Weekend With thanks go to the wonderful 2 z, such as that put in force in eontinu
e Stars Telethon" the grand people of Vermont who sup- our neighboring state of erma l l, rant
c;ess it was. The response port UCP of Vermont with Massachusetts.The taxpayers . |h irowz
fhe Telethon proves once their Telethon pledged. They bavehadit, right up to here! The first paper mill in ,sheet ata time by the English Growing,pm.,o - ,
lain that Vermonters make are the heart of the Telethon; Frank L. Cutler Wells River was built in 1810 method, by floating the fibers Ira White s owl .
ett neighbors, an[ they make it possible for Bridport, Vermont by Bill Blake of Bellows Falls, onto a screen (in contrast to enterprises prosoeredUcmg II
the pioneer papermaker of the the Chinese method in which grew, and b Aril of r a ye
A special thanks goes out to UCP to continue working to . • Y - es, 3,"
regmn, who bmlt and operated the fibers were rolled out like had built a new stone bd i .
tndredsthe state°f volunteerSwho are theall palsy.aSsist people with cerebral • Sound a total of s,x" paper mills." At dough to the desired for a papermill, _,,e om[e'ng tc
the Wells River mill, Andrew thickness). His papermaking downriver from the Os,,, ,
ne and muscle of the Again, thanks! Henderson was his partner for process s described in Wells also a covered flume ,m ". .
mn effort. Despite bitter William N. Aswad investment " om.
several years. One of their History of Newbury: from his millpond to tn ....
and long hours, our President To the Editor: apprentices was Asa Low, who "The rags were sorted mill. However, these i" :Y
Created since World War II -- a [(
later built his own paper mill and cut up by female help and stretched his re so"din, ,,
, f'u/ tO / by Republican and in Bradford. (Newbury deeds: then ground into paper pulp, beyond the hreaking. ,v
Democratic Congressional Book 7 pages 5, 6, and 355; the white ones for writing and and eventually he lost foSr o
Ph.D., also by Dr. Gofman, leaders, federal financial aid book 8 -- pages 24) colored ones for wrapping through foreclosed _
a comprehensive in- programs for college- Blake&Henderson leased paper. In some of the wrap- gages. (Deeds: 13-2831u'c1 a
Cerebral
would like to thank everyone
who made the "Weekend With thanks go to the wonderful 2., such as that put in force in
the Stars Telethon" the grand people of Vermont who sup. our
success it was. The response port UCP of Vermont with
to the Telethon proves once their Telethon pledged. They have had it, right up to here!
again that Vermonters make are the heart of the Telethon:
great neighbors.
the hundreds of volunteers all assist
over the state who are the palsy.
backbone and muscle of the
Telethon effort. Despite bitter
cold
To the Editor:
Christmas is over, but an for
essential gift to our children, a vestigation of evidence, university students are one of the mill in 1815 to Ira White,
healthful place to live, is in "Radiation and Human the soundest investments in who bought it in 1823 in par-
jeopardy. A multimillion Health" 1981. For corn- the future of this country. But tnership with Samuel Reed.
dollar public relations plan to parative advantages and current and future un- They manufactured writing
justify the President's disadvantages of all our
promotion of nuclear energy sources of energy I recom-
has been proposed, mend: "Energy Strategies
Rep. Richard Ottinger has Toward a Solar Future", a
called it "a blatant Report of the Union of Con-
nda campaign. It eetmed Scientists, 190 and
outlines methods for reaching "Energy Future". a report of
practically every adult in the the Energy Project at Har-
country. Under the pretense of yard Business School, 1979.
giving the public needed in- The path to comfort and an
formation, it would use our abundant life is not hy way of
taxes to make us believe that a nuclear economy with
nuclear power is sufficiently t-adioaetive wastes puffed into
benign and the solution to our the air, leaked into streams,
transported over our roads
and blown off of dump. piles to
be deposited who knows where
or at what cost.
Be prepared for a
multimillion dollar nuclear-
promotion blitz, or, better yet,
prevent it.
Gladys Ledge
energy problems.
For sound information on
the health effects of nuclear
energy I recommend: for
brevity "Nuclear Madness"
by Dr. Helen Caldicott; for a
touch of humor, "Irrevy",
"An Irreverent Illustrated
View of Nuclear Power" hy
ping paper, straw was mixed 14-122, 123, 124)
Taxes. taxes, taxes
Tax questions will pervade the
deliberations of the 1982 Vermont
Legislature• Massive cuts in federal
funding for social service programs,
couplewith the I0 percent federal income
tax cut, scheduled for July I, significantly
alter the revenue picture for Fiscal Year
1983•
Vermont's income tax is piggy-backed to
the federal liability at the rate of 23 per-
cent. Ctmsequently, the income tax pass-
through would lower Vermont taxes by
$7.2 million. The Governor wants to in-
crease the state rate in order to retain the
current level of revenue.
He has proposed a $311.8million General
Fund budget for FY83. This represents a
12.4 percent increase from the current
base of $377A million. The budget is
predicted on plugging the pass-through.
The $7.2 million plug consists of $3
million for the Property Tax Relief Fund
and $4.2 million for State Aid to Education.
This incremental approach would add 10
percent to state aid for each of the next
five years, while phasing out the "tilting
floor" that guarantees some state aid to
every Vermont town.
The Education and Ways and Means
Committees proposed $10 milfion for
property tax relief and $8 million for state
aid. Added to a $42 million base, this would
provide a sizeable windfall to most Ver-
mont communities. The sales tax would be
raised two cents -- from 3 cents to 5 cents
in order to finance the measure.
The Governor was opposed to the
proposal. He stated his opposition to
raising any of Vermont's. broad-based
General Fund taxes. He said we should
save them for future years when the
state's needs might be greater. Besides,
the sales tax is considered regressive
i.e., it penalizes those on the lower end of
the income scale more than it hurts those
who make plenty of money.
Thus, the battle was joined. The Speaker
and the Republican leadership worked for
the plan, while the Governor, head of the
party, worked against it. The Democratic
leadership was split, but many of the rank
and file were concerned about social
service cutbacks, and questioned the
fairness of a dedicated tax. There were
members in both parties who thought any
tax increases should be distributed to a
variety of programs based on priority
needs.
And then the border towns entered the
fray. Realizing that a sales tax increase
would spell disaster for retailers along the
Connecticut, we quietly amassed artillery
to help defeat the measure. But 50 pieces
was all we could solidly muster.
Salvos were lofted in a six-hour debate
designed to persuade the uncommitted.
Then, after a few brilliant flashes and a lot
of din and thunder, the black smoke
cleaned. The bill was lead: 77-70!
The aftermath will strongly influence
the rest of the session. The defeated
General who chairs Ways and Means has
stated his opposition to plugging the pass-
through of $7•2 million. Since Governor
Snelling opposed the sales tax, Chairman
Guiliani says the proposal to increase the
Vermont income tax rate is at "the bottom
of the heap". Also, Chairman Morse of the
Education Committee doesn't plan to
consider state aid anymore this year.
Therefore, the FY1983 budget proposal
will have to he reduced from $311.8 to
$304.6 million.
Several other tax questions will also be
up for consideration. Most prominent are a
Roams and Meals Tax, a Diesel Tax, and a
Cigarette Tax. Rooms and Meals is now at
5 percent. Expect a proposal to raise it to 6
percent with the revenue dedicated to
property tax relief.
A Diesel Fuel Tax of 16 percent has
already been approved by the Tran-
sportation Committee and sent to Ways
and Means. It is designed to replace the
truck entry-fee system• However, it would
raise $4 million less than the trip fees.
A Cigarette Tax hike of five cents --to t7
cents per pack -- would finance a transfer
of $4 million in non-highway services to the
General Fund. It has not yet been ear-
marked for this purpose. However, it is
sponsored by Transportation Chairman
Zampieri.
He and most of the other hankers of this
measure were among those who helped
defeat the Sales Tax which would mve
.financed the Giuiiani-Morse state aid
proposal.
Chairman Giuliani says the Cigarette
Tax is at the end oftheliSt . Id thisabove
or below "the bottom of the heap"? Only
Peter knows for sure !
If you have any legislative concerns or if
you need assistance with state or federal.
programs, please let me knew. Telephone,
toll free, 1-800-322-5616. Address: State
House, Montpelier: or Bradford, Vermont.
John W. Gofman, M.D.,
Dorset, Vt. (please turn to page 5)
with the rags.
"After the rags were
beaten into pulp in two great
beaters, the pulp was put onto
a wire sieve the size of the
sheet of paper, and shaken to
even it on the sieve, when it
dergraduate and graduate and wrapping paper. White
students and their parentswill bought out Reed's share in
be deeply hurt if cuts and 1830 and greatly expanded the
restrictions are made in business The paper mill also
federal grants and federally had a "
insured bank loans now with" ii
available. (Deeds: 7-375; 8-231; 9-104; 10-
In great jeopardy at the 177)
present time are Pell Grants In the early days, paper
(given to the most needy was made from rags, and Ira
students), Supplemental White sent peddlers
Equal Opportunity Grants. throughout northern New time,
College Work Study, National Hampshire and Vermont press and the paper removed
Direct Student Loans (for the trading tin dippers, pails, from the felting and dried in a
most needy), and low-interest brooms etc. for cotton and room in the second story of the
Guaranteed Bank Loans for linen rags -- also for sheep mill, having sliding pieces of
low and middle-income pelts and calf skins for making boards, so that the air had free
students, leather to bind books, as Mr. access to dry the paper.
If students of New England White was also a book
lose the support provided by publisher and the first printer
these federalprograms, many and book binder in Wells
of them will have to give up River•
their goal of higher education For his book business he
#
erected in 1833 the building on
the west side of Main Street
which for many years was
operated as a jewelry store by
Jesse Sheldon and is now
occupied by Burnham's Shoe
Store. Mr. White used the
storefront as his showroom or
sales room and the remainder
of the building as his printing
office and book-bindery.
One of his best-known
books was Noah Webster's
Spelling Book, for which he
manufactured the paper,
printed the pages and bound
them into a book. He also
printed an edition of the New
Testament.
Early methods of
papermaking
Ira White made paper a
were
alternately till the pile was of
the proper size, when the mass
was put into a large press,
capable of taking great
pressure, and after tlm proper
was taken from the
"After the paper was
sufficiently dried it was
finished by having first all the
lumps picked out of the paper,
and it was calendered (passed
through rollers) so as to make
it smooth and fit to write on."
Wells wrote that the dryer
was a unique contrivance with
a fire inside it, and the sheets
of paper were hung on wooden
rods constructed on a swivel in
such a way that no part of the
paper was touched in the
drying process. The paper
produced by this process was
coarse and fibrous and was
called "foolscap."
According to an article by
Charles W. Hughes in Ver-
mont History News, Sept.-Oct.
1981, the earliest patent
dealing with paper
manufacture, dated Feb. 27,
1827, was issued to Ira White
and Leonard Gale for "a
glazing rdll or plate to render
'the surface smooth without
injuring its strength and to
improve it in durability and
firmness." Mr. Gale, too,
manufactured writing paper,
along with other things, in
what later was the Sherwin &
Son building.
Wells River in
manuscript by Nelson
in the Wells River
explains what ha
June 1847 Chancellor
Hall decreed the
Timothy Shedd and
Shedd and
Hale and they in
Henry K. White, the soo!
and he mortgaged
brother Darius tried
and finally
Hale and his niece
Shedd Scott were
take title to the mill
I expect Henry
a time, but in April
Durant came from
Massachusetts and
mill, and in 1855
Adams became half
(Deeds: 15-469; 17-190)
We don't know
became of Ira White's
building, as it does not
as part of the present J
mill buildings-
sone was used in the
dation of a later
White himself may
outlived his buildings,
lived to be 98 years
months of age..
The first
For a while,
Adams used the old eq
and produced rag
paper, but in 1857
enlarged and
mill buildings.
photographs showed the
smokestack with the
painted on it, indicating
was probably built
year.
Durant & Adams
replaced the old,
papermaking
a cylinder machine
from England,
manufactured a
roll of paper
separate sheets. They
installed a cylinder
which the paper passedl
over a big metal drum'
fire inside ¢a wood fire
early years,
coal). This
used until 1923.
(please turn to
An artist concept
